{"id":29230,"date":"2019-09-10T15:35:51","date_gmt":"2019-09-10T13:35:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/?p=29230"},"modified":"2019-09-18T10:17:29","modified_gmt":"2019-09-18T08:17:29","slug":"warper","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/en\/warper\/","title":{"rendered":"Warper: a piece of history still at work"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”3.22″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.25″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Intro” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ z_index_tablet=”500″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px”]<\/p>\n

Inside our weaving mill there’s a machine that isn’t constantly in operation, unlike our looms. But the function it performs is a fundamental one: it’s the warper.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”3_5,2_5″ _builder_version=”3.25″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”3_5″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”A cosa serve un orditoio?” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ z_index_tablet=”500″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px”]<\/p>\n

What\u2019s the use of a warper?<\/h2>\n

The warper is the machine that prepares the warp<\/strong>, so that it can be used on the loom, through the operation called “warping”. This process consists in placing reels – made of cotton or silk threads – in a creel, the small machine placed next to our vertical warper.<\/p>\n

The weaver, operating the warper with a crank, wraps the threads on it. When the threads overlap, they create a single band, and each overlapping separates even and odd threads and creates a cross. This form is necessary to allow the weaver to find the correct position of the threads once the warp is positioned on the loom.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_5″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Cantra-vicino-orditoio.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ max_height=”50%” z_index_tablet=”500″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.25″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Orditura-Sara-Furlanetto.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” align=”center” admin_label=”Immagine” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ width=”70%”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Warping” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Warping<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”a cosa serve un orditoio-2″ _builder_version=”3.26.7″]<\/p>\n

At the end of this operation, the band of threads will be removed by the weaver, forming a braid. After that, the braid will be loosened and rolled up on the horizontal cylinder.<\/p>\n

The last stage of the warping process consists in moving the threads from the cylinder to the beam,<\/strong> that will then be placed under the loom.<\/p>\n

Our warper is therefore hand-operated <\/strong>and dates back to the 18th century: it is identical to that depicted in the Encyclopedia of Diderot and D’Alembert<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_video src=”https:\/\/youtu.be\/OrOpXtzZISU?t=34″ _builder_version=”3.26.3″ width=”70%” module_alignment=”center” z_index_tablet=”500″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px”][\/et_pb_video][et_pb_text admin_label=”La fase finale: la preparazione del subbio” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ z_index_tablet=”500″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px”]<\/p>\n

The final stage: preparing the beam<\/h2>\n

The threads thus collected by the weaver, as you\u2019ve seen in the video, pass through a long “comb” and are rolled around the beam<\/strong>, with the right tension. If they are cotton threads, they simply need to be knotted, in order to complete the preparation of the warp. Silk threads, on the other hand, are glued one by one with gum arabic.<\/p>\n

Now all one has to do is load this huge cylinder onto the loom and start weaving a handmade velvet<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u200b<\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Preparazione-subbio-Sara-Furlanetto.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” align=”center” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ width=”70%”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”spiegazione immagini encyclopedie-foto sara furlanetto” _builder_version=”3.26.7″]<\/p>\n

The images at the bottom of the page are taken from the Encyclopedia of Diderot and D’Alembert<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The photos of this article taken inside the Tessitura are by Sara Furlanetto.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26.7″][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26.7″][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Tavola-XXIII.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Plate XXIII” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Plate XXIII<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Tavola-XXVIII.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Plate XXVIII” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Plate XXVIII<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26.7″][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Tavola-XXIV.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Plate XXIV” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Plate XXIV<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Tavola-XXIX.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Plate XXIX” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Plate XXIX<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26.7″][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Tavola-XXV.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Plate XXV” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Plate XXV<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Tavola-XXX.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Plate XXX” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Plate XXX<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26.7″][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Tavola-XXVI.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Plate XXVI” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Plate XXVI<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Tavola-XXXI.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Plate XXXI” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Plate XXXI<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26.7″][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Tavola-XXVII.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Plate XXVII” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Plate XXVII<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”http:\/\/www.luigi-bevilacqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Tavola-XXXVI.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.26.7″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Plate XXXVI” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ text_font=”||on||” text_font_size=”12″ background_color=”rgba(218,221,221,0.52)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”600px” module_alignment=”center” border_style=”solid” saved_tabs=”all”]<\/p>\n

Plate XXXVI<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n<\/span>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Our weaving mill uses a machine which is as old and as important as our looms: the warper. We\u2019re going to tell you what it is in this article<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":29175,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,7],"tags":[221,219,246],"class_list":["post-29230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fabrics","category-history","tag-221","tag-219","tag-246"],"yoast_head":"\nWarper: what is this fundamental machine and how does it work?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Our weaving mill uses a machine which is as old and as important as our looms: the warper. 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